Urolithiasis is common in our part of the globe. The estimated prevalence in Asia is 5-19.1%. Bladder stones constitute 5% of urolithiasis in industrialized countries. There are various modalities for the surgical treatment of bladder stones. Open surgery such as vesicolithotomy or cystolithotomy, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous cystolitholapaxy (PCCL) and transurethral cystolitholapaxy (TUCL) are routinely performed procedures. Transurethral cystolitholapaxy is still the treatment of first choice for stone less than 3cm in size.  But the transurethral methods are either time consuming or have high morbidity, because this procedure has its own limitations. our objective is to dertermine the complication rate of transurethral cystolitholapaxy.

It’s a cross sectional study conducted in the Urology from 21st February 2023 to 21st december 2024. A total of 102 patients who underwent transurethral Cystolitholapaxy were included in the study. The purpose and benefits of the study were explained to the patients and they were assured that the study was done purely for data publication and research purpose and their confidentiality was maintained. The patients were evaluated by detailed history, clinical examination, radiography (Ultrasonography, X-ray KUB, CT KUB ), routine urine examination and urine culture and sensitivity test. All findings were documented clearly. All cases were performed by Consultant Urologist with more than five years experience of endourological procedures. Per operative and post-operative complications were recorded on predesigned proforma.

This study was conducted on 102 patients. The mean age of the patients was 40.37±16.72 years. The frequency of mucosal injury in our study was 17 (16.7%), bleeding was observed in 21 (20.6%)patients, the rate of bladder perforation was 2 (2%), residual stones were found in 5 (5%) cases, UTI was observed in 12 (12.6%) patients and the late complication such as urethral stricture occurred in  6 (5.9%) patients. All complications were either managed conservatively or with minor intervention.

This study was conducted on 102 patients. The mean age of the patients was 40.37±16.72 years. The frequency of mucosal injury in our study was 17 (16.7%), bleeding was observed in 21 (20.6%)patients, the rate of bladder perforation was 2 (2%), residual stones were found in 5 (5%) cases, UTI was observed in 12 (12.6%) patients and the late complication such as urethral stricture occurred in  6 (5.9%) patients. All complications were either managed conservatively or with minor intervention.

Cystolitholapaxy is a safe ,usually well tolerated and cost effective procedure with minimal complications especially in experts hands though the learning curve is a bit high. we recommend randomized controle trial for more authentic results.